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Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics Glossary

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O

Oligo

See: oligonucleotide (ORNL)

Oligogenic

A phenotypic trait produced by two or more genes working together.
See also: polygenic disorder (ORNL)

Oligonucleotide

A molecule usually composed of 25 or fewer nucleotides; used as a DNA synthesis primer.
See also: nucleotide (ORNL)

Oncogene

A gene, one or more forms of which is associated with cancer. Many oncogenes are involved, directly or indirectly, in controlling the rate of cell growth. (ORNL)

Open reading frame (ORF)

The sequence of DNA or RNA located between the start-code sequence (initiation codon) and the stop-code sequence (termination codon). (ORNL)

Operon

A set of genes transcribed under the control of an operator gene. (ORNL)

Optimal Alignment

An alignment of two sequences with the highest possible score. (NCBI)

ORF

Open reading frame. (SMART)

Orthologous

Homologous sequences in different species that arose from a common ancestral gene during speciation; may or may not be responsible for a similar function. (NCBI)

Overlapping clones

See: genomic library (ORNL)


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